Infection as a potential cofactor in the genetic-epigenetic pathophysiology of endometriosis: a systematic review (2024)

1. Akhter J, Ali Aziz MA, Al Ajlan A, et al. Breast cancer: is there a viral connection? Adv Anat Pathol. 2014;21:373–381. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

2. Akiyama K, Nishioka K, Khan KN, et al. Molecular detection of microbial colonization in cervical mucus of women with and without endometriosis. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2019:e13147. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

3. Asghari S, Valizadeh A, Aghebati-Maleki L, et al. Endometriosis: Perspective, lights, and shadows of etiology. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;106:163–174. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

4. Ata B, Yildiz S, Turkgeldi E, et al. The Endobiota Study: Comparison of vagin*l, Cervical and Gut Microbiota Between Women with Stage 3/4 Endometriosis and Healthy Controls. Sci Rep. 2019;9:2204. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

5. Augoulea A, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, et al. Pathogenesis of endometriosis: the role of genetics, inflammation and oxidative stress. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286:99–103. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

6. Baker JM, Al-Nakkash L, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Estrogen-gut microbiome axis: Physiological and clinical implications. Maturitas. 2017;103:45–53. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

7. Baker JM, Chase DM, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Front Immunol. Uterine Microbiota: Residents, Tourists, or Invaders. 2018;9:208. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

8. Barrett S, Taylor C. A review on pelvic inflammatory disease. International journal of STD & AIDS. 2005;16:715–720. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

9. Bierne H, Hamon M, Cossart P. Epigenetics and bacterial infections. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012;2:a010272. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

10. Bruner-Tran KL, Osteen KG. Dioxin-like PCBs and endometriosis. Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2010;56:132–146. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

11. Bulun SE, Monsivais D, Kakinuma T, et al. Molecular biology of endometriosis: from aromatase to genomic abnormalities. Semin Reprod Med. 2015;33:220–224. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

12. Cabana MD, Forster-Barber AE, Hong T, et al. Teen troubled by a trembling leg. Contemporary Pediatrics. 2010;27:22–27. [Google Scholar]

13. Campos GB, Marques LM, Rezende IS, et al. Mycoplasma genitalium can modulate the local immune response in patients with endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2018;109:549–560. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

14. Canis M, Bourdel N, Houlle C, et al. Trauma and endometriosis. A review. May we explain surgical phenotypes and natural history of the disease? J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2017;46:219–227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

15. Chadchan SB, Cheng M, Parnell LA, et al. Antibiotic therapy with metronidazole reduces endometriosis disease progression in mice: a potential role for gut microbiota. Hum Reprod. 2019;34:1106–1116. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

16. Chen C, Song X, Wei W, et al. The microbiota continuum along the female reproductive tract and its relation to uterine-related diseases. Nat Commun. 2017;8:875. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

17. Chen I, Choudhry AJ, Schramm D, et al. Type of Pelvic Disease as a Risk Factor for Surgical Site Infectionin Women Undergoing Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2018;26:1149–1156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

18. Cibula D, Widschwendter M, Majek O, et al. Tubal ligation and the risk of ovarian cancer: review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2011;17:55–67. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

19. Cicinelli E, Trojano G, Mastromauro M, et al. Higher prevalence of chronic endometritis in women with endometriosis: a possible etiopathogenetic link. Fertil Steril. 2017;108:289–295.:e281. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

20. Clark A, Mach N. Exercise-induced stress behavior, gut-microbiota-brain axis and diet: a systematic review for athletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016;13:43. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

21. Clarke P, Clements JB. Mutagenesis occurring following infection with herpes simplex virus does not require virus replication. Virology. 1991;182:597–606. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

22. Confino E, Friberg J, Silverman S, et al. Penetration of bacteria and spermatozoa into bovine cervical mucus. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;70:134–136. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

23. Conlon MA, Bird AR. The impact of diet and lifestyle on gut microbiota and human health. Nutrients. 2014;7:17–44. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

24. Coxhead D, Thomas EJ. Familial inheritance of endometriosis in a British population. A case control study. J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;13:42–44. [Google Scholar]

25. Cregger MA, Lenz K, Leary E, et al. Reproductive Microbiomes: Using the Microbiome as a Novel Diagnostic Tool for Endometriosis. Reproductive Immunology: Open Access. 2017;2:36. [Google Scholar]

26. Cypers H, Van Praet L, Varkas G, et al. Relevance of the gut/joint axis for the management of spondyloarthritis in daily clinical practice. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2014;26:371–376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

27. Datta S, Mercer CH, Keeling MJ. Capturing sexual contact patterns in modelling the spread of sexually transmitted infections: Evidence using Natsal-3. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0206501. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

28. Dawson A, Fernandez ML, Anglesio M, et al. Endometriosis and endometriosis-associated cancers: new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer development. Ecancermedicalscience. 2018;12:803. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

29. de Clercq NC, Groen AK, Romijn JA, et al. Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Undernutrition. Adv Nutr. 2016;15(7):1080–1089. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

30. de Ziegler D, Pirtea P, Galliano D, et al. Optimal uterine anatomy and physiology necessary for normal implantation and placentation. Fertil Steril. 2016;105:844–854. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

31. Donnez J, Binda MM, Donnez O, et al. Oxidative stress in the pelvic cavity and its role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2016;106:1011–1017. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

32. Duerkop BA, Palmer KL, Horsburgh MJ. Enterococcal Bacteriophages and Genome Defense. Internet. [Google Scholar]

33. Gilmore MS, Clewell DB.Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection.Ike Y andShankar N (eds)2014. Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; , Boston: [Google Scholar]

34. Elizur SE, Lebovitz O, Weintraub AY, et al. Pelvic inflammatory disease in women with endometriosis is more severe than in those without. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;54:162–165. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

35. Ewald PW, Swain Ewald HA. Infection, mutation, and cancer evolution. J Mol Med. 2012;90:535–541. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

36. Flores R, Shi J, Fuhrman B, et al. Fecal microbial determinants of fecal and systemic estrogens and estrogen metabolites: a cross-sectional study. J Transl Med. 2012;21(10):253. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

37. Friberg J, Confino E, Suarez M, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis attached to spermatozoa recovered from the peritoneal cavity of patients with salpingitis. J Reprod Med. 1987;32:120–122. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

38. Giannarini G, Scott CA, Moro U, et al. Cystic endometriosis of the epididymis. Urology. 2006;68:203–203. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

39. Gordts S, Koninckx P, Brosens I. Pathogenesis of deep endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2017;108:872–885. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

40. ECW Group. Noncontraceptive health benefits of combined oral contraception. Hum Reprod Update. 2005;11:513–525. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

41. Guo SW. Endometriosis and ovarian cancer: potential benefits and harms of screening and risk-reducing surgery. Fertil Steril. 2015;104:813–830. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

42. Guo SW, Simsa P, Kyama CM, et al. Reassessing the evidence for the link between dioxin and endometriosis: from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology. Mol Hum Reprod. 2009;15:609–624. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

43. Gupta S, Agarwal A, Krajcir N, et al. Role of oxidative stress in endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online. 2006;13:126–134. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

44. Hadfield RM, Mardon HJ, Barlow DH, et al. Endometriosis in monozygotic twins. Fertil Steril. 1997;68:941–942. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

45. Halme J. Role of peritoneal inflammation in endometriosis-associated infertility. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991;622:266–274. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

46. Heidarpour M, Derakhshan M, Derakhshan-Horeh M, et al. Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in women with ovarian endometriosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017;43:135–139. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

47. Herington JL, Bruner-Tran KL, Lucas JA, et al. Immune interactions in endometriosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2011;7:611–626. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

48. Huang B, Fettweis JM, Brooks JP, et al. The changing landscape of the vagin*l microbiome. Clin Lab Med. 2014;34:747–761. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

49. Ito F, Yamada Y, Shigemitsu A, et al. Role of Oxidative Stress in Epigenetic Modification in Endometriosis. Reprod Sci. 2017;11:1493–1502. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

50. Jabr FI, Mani V. An unusual cause of abdominal pain in a male patient: Endometriosis. Avicenna J Med. 2014;4:99–101. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

51. Jacobson L. Infected pelvic endometriosis. Nord med. 1960;64:844–847. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

52. Kanzaki H, Wang HS, Kariya M, et al. Suppression of natural killer cell activity by sera from patients with endometriosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;167:257–261. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

53. Kassiotis G. Endogenous retroviruses and the development of cancer. J Immunol. 2014;192:1343–1349. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

54. Kawano Y, Hirakawa T, Nishida M, et al. Functioning endometrium and endometrioma in a patient with mayer-rokitanski-kuster-hauser syndrome. Jpn Clin Med. 2014;5:43–45. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

55. Kennedy S. The genetics of endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1999;82:129–133. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

56. Kennedy S, Hadfield R, Westbrook C, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging to assess familial risk in relatives of women with endometriosis. Lancet. 1998;352:1440–1441. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

57. Khan KN, Fujish*ta A, Hiraki K, et al. Bacterial contamination hypothesis: a new concept in endometriosis. Reprod Med Biol. 2018;17:125–133. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

58. Khan KN, Fujish*ta A, Kitajima M, et al. Intra-uterine microbial colonization and occurrence of endometritis in women with endometriosisdagger. Hum Reprod. 2014;29:2446–2456. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

59. Khan KN, Fujish*ta A, Masumoto H, et al. Molecular detection of intrauterine microbial colonization in women with endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;199:69–75. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

60. Khan KN, Kitajima M, Hiraki K, et al. Escherichia coli contamination of menstrual blood and effect of bacterial endotoxin on endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2010;94:2860–2863.:e2861-2863. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

61. Kobayashi H, Higashiura Y, Shigetomi H, et al. Pathogenesis of endometriosis: the role of initial infection and subsequent sterile inflammation. Mol Med Rep. 2014;9:9–15. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

62. Kodati VL, Govindan S, Movva S, et al. Role of Shigella infection in endometriosis: a novel hypothesis. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:239–243. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

63. Koninckx PR, Gomel V, Ussia A, et al. Role of the peritoneal cavity in the prevention of postoperative adhesions, pain, and fatigue. Fertil Steril. 2016a;106:998–1010. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

64. Koninckx PR, Ussia A, Adamyan L, et al. Pathogenesis of endometriosis: the genetic/epigenetic theory. Fertil Steril. 2019;111:327–340. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

65. Koninckx PR, Ussia A, Keckstein J, et al. Epidemiology of subtle, typical, cystic, and deep endometriosis: a systematic review. Gynecol Surg. 2016b;13:457–467. [Google Scholar]

66. Koninckx PR, Zupi E, Martin DC. Endometriosis and pregnancy outcome. Fertil Steril. 2018;110:406–407. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

67. Laschke MW, Menger MD. The gut microbiota: a puppet master in the pathogenesis of endometriosis? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 e61-64;215(68):e61-64 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

68. Lin WC, Chang CY, Hsu YA, et al. Increased Risk of Endometriosis in Patients With Lower Genital Tract Infection: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016;95:e2773. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

69. Liu Y, Ko EY, Wong KK, et al. Endometrial microbiota in infertile women with and without chronic endometritis as diagnosed using a quantitative and reference range-based method. Fertil Steril. 2019;112:707–717. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

70. Marsh EE, Laufer MR. Endometriosis in premenarcheal girls who do not have an associated obstructive anomaly. Fertil Steril. 2005;83:758–760. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

71. Metzger DA, Olive DL, Haney AF. Limited hormonal responsiveness of ectopic endometrium: Histologic correlation with intrauterine endometrium. Hum Pathol. 1988;19:1417–1424. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

72. Milavetz BI, Balakrishnan L. Viral epigenetics. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, NJ) 2015;1238:569–596. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

73. Mitchell C, Prabhu M. Pelvic inflammatory disease: current concepts in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2013;27:793–809. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

74. Moen MH. Endometriosis in monozygotic twins. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1994;73:59–62. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

75. Moen MH, Magnus P. The familial risk of endometriosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1993;72:560–564. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

76. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;21(6):e1000097 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

77. Moreno I, Codoner FM, Vilella F, et al. Evidence that the endometrial microbiota has an effect on implantation success or failure. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215:684–703. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

78. Muangtan S, Suknikhom W, Sananpanichkul P. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer with Endometriosis is not Associated with Menopausal Status: a Co-Association Study at Prapokklao Hospital. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19:1337–1341. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

79. Ness RB, Dodge RC, Edwards RP, et al. Contraception methods, beyond oral contraceptives and tubal ligation, and risk of ovarian cancer. Ann Epidemiol. 2011;21:188–196. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

80. Ness RB, Grisso JA, Cottreau C, et al. Factors related to inflammation of the ovarian epithelium and risk of ovarian cancer. Epidemiology. 2000;11:111–117. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

81. Okamoto N, Uchida A, Takakura K, et al. Suppression by human placental protein 14 of natural killer cell activity. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1991;26:137–142. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

82. Oosterlynck DJ, Cornillie FJ, Waer M, et al. Women with endometriosis show a defect in natural killer activity resulting in a decreased cytotoxicity to autologous endometrium. Fertil Steril. 1991;56:45–51. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

83. Oppelt P, Renner SP, Strick R, et al. Correlation of high-risk human papilloma viruses but not of herpes viruses or Chlamydia trachomatis with endometriosis lesions. Fertil Steril. 2010;93:1778–1786. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

84. Paul Dmowski W, Braun DP. Immunology of endometriosis. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;18:245–263. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

85. Perales C, Agudo R, Manrubia SC, et al. Influence of mutagenesis and viral load on the sustained low-level replication of an RNA virus. J Mol Biol. 2011;407:60–78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

86. Pinto V, Matteo M, Tinelli R, et al. Altered uterine contractility in women with chronic endometritis. Fertil Steril. 2015;103:1049–1052. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

87. Rasmussen CB, Kjaer SK, Albieri V, et al. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and the Risk of Ovarian Cancer and Borderline Ovarian Tumors: A Pooled Analysis of 13 Case-Control Studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2017;185:8–20. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

88. Rei C, Williams T, Feloney M. Endometriosis in a Man as a Rare Source of Abdominal Pain: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2018;2018:2083121. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

89. Riccio L, Santulli P, Marcellin L, et al. Immunology of endometriosis. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;50:39–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

90. Rice MS, Murphy MA, Tworoger SS. Tubal ligation, hysterectomy and ovarian cancer: A meta-analysis. J Ovarian Res. 2012;5:13. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

91. Rier S, Foster WG. Environmental dioxins and endometriosis. Toxicol Sci. 2002;70:161–170. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

92. Rocha RM, Souza RP, Gimenes F, et al. The high-risk human papillomavirus continuum along the female reproductive tract and its relationship to infertility and endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online. 2019;38:926–937. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

93. Rosenberg M. Contraception and STDs. IPPF Med Bull. 1991;25:3–4. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

94. Ruderman R, Pavone ME. Ovarian cancer in endometriosis: an update on the clinical and molecular aspects. Minerva Ginecol. 2017;69:286–294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

95. Samimi M, Pourhanifeh MH, Mehdizadehkashi A, et al. The role of inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in the pathophysiology of endometriosis: Basic science and new insights based on gene expression. 2019;234:19384–19392. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

96. Sampson JA. Peritoneal endometriosis due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1927;14:422–469. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

97. Scutiero G, Iannone P, Bernardi G, et al. Oxidative Stress and Endometriosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:7265238. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

98. Shen CC, Hu LY, Yang AC, et al. Risk of uterine, ovarian and breast cancer following pelvic inflammatory disease: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study. BMC cancer. 2016;16:839. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

99. Sieh W, Salvador S, McGuire V, et al. Tubal ligation and risk of ovarian cancer subtypes: a pooled analysis of case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42:579–589. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

100. Simpson JL, Elias S, Malinak LR, et al. Heritable aspects of endometriosis. I. Genetic studies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980;137:327–331. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

101. Sofo V, Gotte M, Lagana AS, et al. Correlation between dioxin and endometriosis: an epigenetic route to unravel the pathogenesis of the disease. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;292:973–986. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

102. Stewart LM, Spilsbury K, Jordan S, et al. Risk of high-grade serous ovarian cancer associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, parity and breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. 2018;55:110–116. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

103. Tai FW, Chang CY, Chiang JH, et al. Association of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease with Risk of Endometriosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study Involving 141,460 Individuals. J Clin Med. 2018;7:379. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

104. Takebayashi A, Kimura F, Kishi Y, et al. The association between endometriosis and chronic endometritis. PLoS One. 2014;9:e88354. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

105. Toth A. The role of spermatozoa in the development of pelvic inflammatory disease in the woman. Advances in contraception : the official journal of the Society for the Advancement of Contraception. 1987;3:97–102. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

106. Trabert B, Waterboer T, Idahl A, et al. Antibodies Against Chlamydia trachomatis and Ovarian Cancer Risk in Two Independent Populations. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018;111:129–136. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

107. Treloar SA, O’Connor DT, O’Connor VM, et al. Genetic influences on endometriosis in an Australian twin sample. Fertil Steril. 1999;71:701–710. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

108. Vestergaard AL, Knudsen UB, Munk T, et al. Low prevalence of DNA viruses in the human endometrium and endometriosis. Arch Virol. 2010;155:695–703. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

109. Wolner-Hanssen P, Mardh PA. In vitro tests of the adherence of Chlamydia trachomatis to human spermatozoa. Fertil Steril. 1984;42:102–107. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

110. Yamamoto A, Harris HR, Vitonis AF, et al. A prospective cohort study of meat and fish consumption and endometriosis risk. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;219:178.:e171-178.e110. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

111. Ylikorkala O. Tubal ligation reduces the risk of ovarian cancer. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2001;80:875–877. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

112. Yuan M, Li D, Zhang Z, et al. Endometriosis induces gut microbiota alterations in mice. Hum Reprod. 2018;33:607–616. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

113. Zhang T, De Carolis C, Man GCW, et al. The link between immunity, autoimmunity and endometriosis: a literature update. Autoimmun Rev. 2018;17:945–955. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

114. Zhou Z, Zeng F, Yuan J, et al. Pelvic inflammatory disease and the risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control. 2017;28:415–428. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

115. Zhu Y, Ma M, Huang J, et al. Effects of Hepatitis C Virus Infection on Human Sperm Chromosomes. Clin Lab. 2016;62:373–379. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Infection as a potential cofactor in the genetic-epigenetic pathophysiology of endometriosis: a systematic review (2024)
Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Patricia Veum II

Last Updated:

Views: 6113

Rating: 4.3 / 5 (64 voted)

Reviews: 95% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Patricia Veum II

Birthday: 1994-12-16

Address: 2064 Little Summit, Goldieton, MS 97651-0862

Phone: +6873952696715

Job: Principal Officer

Hobby: Rafting, Cabaret, Candle making, Jigsaw puzzles, Inline skating, Magic, Graffiti

Introduction: My name is Patricia Veum II, I am a vast, combative, smiling, famous, inexpensive, zealous, sparkling person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.