Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Evaluation of central nervous system inflammation and B-cell proliferative diseases
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Nephelometry
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Yes
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Beta-2-Microglobulin, CSF
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
B2M, (Beta-2 Microglobulin), CSF Test
Beta 2 Microglobulin, CSF Test
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
CSF
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Container/Tube: Sterile vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Container/Tube: Send spinal fluid from collection vial 1.
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the Testing Laboratory
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the Testing Laboratory
0.5 mL
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Gross hemolysis | OK |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSF | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
| Frozen | 28 days | ||
| Ambient | 14 days |
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Evaluation of central nervous system inflammation and B-cell proliferative diseases
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Beta-2-microglobulin (beta-2-M) is a small membrane protein (11,800 Da) associated with the heavy chains of class I major histocompatibility complex proteins and is, therefore, on the surface of all nucleated cells. The small size allows beta-2-M to pass through the glomerular membrane, but it is almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal tubules.
Increased beta-2-M levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been shown to be of diagnostic use in non-Hodgkin lymphoma with central nervous system involvement. Elevated CSF:serum ratios seen in patients with aseptic meningoencephalitis suggest the possibility of neurologic processes including those associated with HIV infection and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Beta-2-M measurement in multiple sclerosis seems to be of indeterminate usefulness.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
0.70-1.80 mcg/mL
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Elevations of cerebrospinal fluid beta-2-microgobulin levels may be seen in a number of diseases including malignancies, autoimmune disease, and neurological disorders.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Results determined by assays using different manufacturers or methods may not be comparable.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Koch TR, Lichtenfeld KM, Wiernik PH: Detection of central nervous system metastasis with cerebrospinal fluid beta-2-microglobulin. Cancer. 1983 Jul;52(1):101-104
2. Mavligit GM, Stuckey SE, Cabanillas FF, et al: Diagnosis of leukemia or lymphoma in the central nervous system by beta-2-microglobulin determination. N Engl J Med. 1980 Sep 25;303(13):718-722
3. Jeffery GM, Frampton CM, Legge HM, Hart DN: Cerebrospinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin levels in meningeal involvement by malignancy. Pathology. 1990 Jan;22(1):20-23
4. Us O, Lolli F, Baig S, Link H: Intrathecal synthesis of beta-2-microglobulin in multiple sclerosis and aseptic meningo-encephalitis. Acta Neurol Scand. 1989 Dec;80(6):598-602
5. Elovaara I, Livanainen M, Poutianen E, et al: CSF and serum beta-2-microglobulin in HIV infection related to neurological dysfunction. Acta Neurol Scand. 1989 Feb;79(2):81-87
6. Dolan MJ, Lucey DR, Hendrix CW, Melcher GP, Spencer GA, Boswell RN: Early markers of HIV infection and subclinical disease progression. Vaccine. 1993;11(5):548-551
7. Brew BJ, Bhalla RB, Fleisher M, et al: Cerebrospinal fluid beta 2 microglobulin in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Neurology. 1989 Jun;39(6):830-834
8. Musto P, Tomasi P, Cascavilla N, et al: Significance and limits of cerebrospinal fluid beta-2-microglobulin measurement in course of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Am J Hematol. 1988 Aug;28(4):213-218
9. Lucey DR, McGuire SA, Clerici M, et al: Comparison of spinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin levels with CD4+ T cell count, in vitro T helper cell function, and spinal fluid IgG parameters in 163 neurologically normal adults infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type l. J Infect Dis. 1991 May;163(5):971-975
10. Bjerrum OW, Bach FW, Zeeberg I: Increased level of cerebrospinal fluid beta 2-microglobulin is related to neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 1988 Jul;78(1):72-75
11. Dietzen DJ, Willrich MAV: Amino acids, peptides, and proteins. In: Rifai N, Chiu RWK, Young I, Burnham CAD, eds. Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2023:chap 31
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
In this Siemens Nephelometer II method, the light scattered onto the antigen-antibody complexes is measured. The intensity of the measured scattered light is proportional to the amount of antigen-antibody complexes in the sample under certain conditions. If the antibody volume is kept constant, the signal behaves proportionally to the antigen volume. A reference curve is generated by a standard with a known antigen content on which the scattered light signals of the samples can be evaluated and calculated as an antigen concentration. Antigen-antibody complexes are formed when a sample containing antigen and the corresponding antiserum are put into a cuvette. A light beam is generated with a light emitting diode, which is transmitted through the cuvette. The light is scattered onto the immuno-complexes that are present. Antigen and antibody are mixed in the initial measurement, but no complex is formed yet. An antigen-antibody complex is formed in the final measurement. The result is calculated by subtracting the value of the final measurement from the initial measurement. The distribution of intensity of the scattered light depends on the ratio of the particle size of the antigen-antibody complexes to the radiated wavelength.(Instruction manual: Siemens Nephelometer II, Siemens, Inc.; Version 3, 2008; Addendum to the Instruction Manual 2.3, 08/2017)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
No
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday through Friday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Same day/1 to 2 days
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
14 days
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Rochester
Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test has been modified from the manufacturer's instructions. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
82232
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| B2MC | Beta-2-Microglobulin, CSF | 1951-3 |
| Result Id | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure. |
|---|---|---|
| B2MC | Beta-2-Microglobulin, CSF | 1951-3 |
FAQs
What does it mean when your beta-2 microglobulin is high? ›
The higher your B2M levels, the more cancer you have in your body. Higher levels are linked to cancers that tend to grow faster./li> If you have multiple myeloma, higher levels of B2M are linked with kidney problems.
What is normal range for beta-2 microglobulin CSF? ›Urine beta2 microglobulin values indicate renal filtration disorders. Measurement of values in both serum and urine can help distinguish a problem of cellular activation from a renal disorder. Normal findings : Blood: 0.70-1.80 mcg/mL.
What is beta-2 microglobulin B2M indicative in case of? ›The beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) test may be used when known physical or suspected kidney damage occurs to distinguish between glomerular and tubular disorders of the kidney.
What does beta-2 microglobulin indicate? ›A small protein normally found on the surface of many cells, including lymphocytes, and in small amounts in the blood and urine. An increased amount in the blood or urine may be a sign of certain diseases, including some types of cancer, such as multiple myeloma or lymphoma.
What is the prognosis for beta 2 microglobulin myeloma? ›Beta 2 microglobulin is a low molecular weight protein found on the surface of all nucleated cells: it is the light chain of the HL-A histocompatibility complex. The increased levels of serum beta 2 microglobulin in patients with multiple myeloma have been associated with a poor prognosis.
What is the beta 2 microglobulin level for multiple myeloma? ›The International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma
Stage 1 – Serum beta-2 microglobulin level measuring less than 3.5 (mg/L) with an albumin level measuring 3.5 (g/dL) or greater.
It's often only suspected or diagnosed after a routine blood or urine test. However, myeloma will eventually cause a wide range of problems, including: a persistent dull ache or specific areas of tenderness in your bones. weak bones that break (fracture) easily.
What is the prognosis for beta-2 microglobulin lymphoma? ›Results: The complete remission rate for patients with a beta-2M level of 3.0 mg/L or greater was 36% compared with 71% for those with a level of less than 3.0 mg/L. Using multivariate analysis that tested beta-2M as a continuous variable, it was selected as the most significant factor for complete response.
How do you detect multiple myeloma? ›Bone marrow biopsy
This test is required to confirm the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. A needle is inserted into the bone marrow space to remove a small sliver of bone marrow. Our hematopathologists examine the tissue under a microscope to determine if there are myeloma cells in the bone marrow.
Dialysis-related beta2-microglobulin amyloidosis usually affects the bones and joints. Initial symptoms include carpal tunnel syndrome, shoulder pain and inflammation of the tendon sheaths of the hands. Case reports of severe pulmonary hypertension and heart failure also exist.