Arnica: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose & Precautions (2024)

Albertini H and Goldberg W. Bilan de 60 observations randomisees. Hypericum-arnica contre placebo dans les nevralgies dentaires. Hom Franc 1984;71:47-49.

Baumann, L. S. Less-known botanical cosmeceuticals. Dermatol Ther 2007;20(5):330-342. View abstract.

Bohmer D and Ambrus P. Sports injuries and natural therapy: a clinical double-blind study with a homeopathic ointment. BT 1992;10(4):290-300.

Campbell A. Two pilot controlled trials of arnica montana. Br Homeopathic J 1976;65:154-158.

Colau, J. C., Vincent, S., Marijnen, P., and Allaert, F. A. Efficacy of a non-hormonal treatment, BRN-01, on menopausal hot flashes: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Drugs R.D 9-1-2012;12(3):107-119. View abstract.

Cornu, C., Joseph, P., Gaillard, S., Bauer, C., Vedrinne, C., Bissery, A., Melot, G., Bossard, N., Belon, P., and Lehot, J. J. No effect of a hom*oeopathic combination of Arnica montana and Bryonia alba on bleeding, inflammation, and ischaemia after aortic valve surgery. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;69(2):136-142. View abstract.

Douglas, J. A., Smallfield, B. M., Burgess, E. J., Perry, N. B., Anderson, R. E., Douglas, M. H., and Glennie, V. L. Sesquiterpene lactones in Arnica montana: a rapid analytical method and the effects of flower maturity and simulated mechanical harvesting on quality and yield. Planta Med 2004;70(2):166-170. View abstract.

Ernst, E. and Pittler, M. H. Efficacy of homeopathic arnica: a systematic review of placebo-controlled clinical trials. Arch.Surg. 1998;133(11):1187-1190. View abstract.

Gibson J, Haslam Y, Laurneson L, and et al. Double-blind trial of arnica in acute trauma patients. Homeopathy 1991;41:54-55.

Hall, I. H., Starnes, C. O., Jr., Lee, K. H., and Waddell, T. G. Mode of action of sesquiterpene lactones as anti-inflammatory agents. J.Pharm.Sci. 1980;69(5):537-543. View abstract.

Hildebrandt G and Eltze C. Uber die wirksamkeit verschiedener potenzen von arnica beim experimentell erzeugten muskelkater. Erfahrungsheilkunde 1984;7:430-435.

Jawara N, Lewith GT, Vickers AJ, and et al. hom*oeopathic Arnica and Rhus toxicodendron for delayed onset muscle soreness: a pilot for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. British hom*oeopathic Journal 1997;86:10-15.

Jeschke, E., Ostermann, T., Luke, C., Tabali, M., Kroz, M., Bockelbrink, A., Witt, C. M., Willich, S. N., and Matthes, H. Remedies containing Asteraceae extracts: a prospective observational study of prescribing patterns and adverse drug reactions in German primary care. Drug Saf 2009;32(8):691-706. View abstract.

Kleijnen, J., Knipschild, P., and ter, Riet G. Clinical trials of hom*oeopathy. BMJ 2-9-1991;302(6772):316-323. View abstract.

Kos, O., Lindenmeyer, M. T., Tubaro, A., Sosa, S., and Merfort, I. New sesquiterpene lactones from Arnica tincture prepared from fresh flowerheads of Arnica montana. Planta Med 2005;71(11):1044-1052. View abstract.

Livingston, R.Homeopathy, Evergreen Medicine. Poole, England: Asher Press;1991.

Macedo, S. B., Ferreira, L. R., Perazzo, F. F., and Carvalho, J. C. Anti-inflammatory activity of Arnica montana 6cH: preclinical study in animals. Homeopathy. 2004;93(2):84-87. View abstract.

MacKinnon S. Arnica montana. Herbal medicine 1992;125-128.

Pinsent RJ, Baker GP, Ives G, and et al. Does arnica reduce pain and bleeding after dental extraction? A placebo controlled pilot study conducted by the Midland hom*oeopathy Research Group MHRG in 1980/81. Communications of the British hom*oeopathic Research Group 1986;15:3-11.

Raak, C., Bussing, A., Gassmann, G., Boehm, K., and Ostermann, T. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the use of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) for pain conditions in dental practice. Homeopathy. 2012;101(4):204-210. View abstract.

Reddy, K. K., Grossman, L., and Rogers, G. S. Common complementary and alternative therapies with potential use in dermatologic surgery: risks and benefits. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;68(4):e127-e135. View abstract.

Savage RH and Roe PF. A double blind trial to assess the benefit of Arnica montana in acute stroke illness. Br Hom J 1977;66:207-220.

Savage RH and Roe PF. A further double blind trial to assess the benefit of Arnica montana in acute stroke illness. The British hom*oeopathic Journal 1978;67:210-222.

Schmidt C. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: Arnica montana applied topically to subcutaneous mechanical injuries. J of the American Institute of Homeopathy 1996;89(4):186-193.

Schmidt, T. J., Stausberg, S., Raison, J. V., Berner, M., and Willuhn, G. Lignans from Arnica species. Nat Prod Res 5-10-2006;20(5):443-453. View abstract.

Spitaler, R., Schlorhaufer, P. D., Ellmerer, E. P., Merfort, I., Bortenschlager, S., Stuppner, H., and Zidorn, C. Altitudinal variation of secondary metabolite profiles in flowering heads of Arnica montana cv. ARBO. Phytochemistry 2006;67(4):409-417. View abstract.

Tetau M. Arnica and injury, double blind clinical study. Homeopath Heritage 1993;18:625-627.

Tuten C and McClung J. Reducing muscle soreness with Arnica montana: Is it effective? Alternative and Complementary Therapies 1999;5(6):369-372.

Tveiten D, Bruset S, Borchgrevink CF, and et al. Effects of the hom*oeopathic remedy Arnica D 30 on marathon runners: a randomized, double-blind study during the 1995 Oslo marathon. Comp Ther Med 1998;6:71-74.

Tveiten, D., Bruseth, S., Borchgrevink, C. F., and Lohne, K. [Effect of Arnica D 30 during hard physical exertion. A double-blind randomized trial during the Oslo Marathon 1990]. Tidsskr.Nor Laegeforen. 12-10-1991;111(30):3630-3631. View abstract.

Zhao, L., Lee, J. Y., and Hwang, D. H. Inhibition of pattern recognition receptor-mediated inflammation by bioactive phytochemicals. Nutr Rev. 2011;69(6):310-320. View abstract.

Zicari D, Agneni F, Ricciotti F, and et al. Angioprotective action of Arnica 5 CH: preliminary data. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Science 1995;36:S479.

Zicari D, Cumps P, Del Beato P, and et al. Arnica 5 CH activity on retinal function. Invest Opthalmol Visual Science 1997;38:767.

Aberer W. Contact allergy and medicinal herbs. J Dtsch.Dermatol Ges. 2008;6:15-24. View abstract.

Adkison JD, Bauer DW, Chang T. The effect of topical arnica on muscle pain. Ann Pharmacother 2010;44:1579-84. View abstract.

Alonso D, Lazarus MC, and Baumann L. Effects of topical arnica gel on post-laser treatment bruises. Dermatol.Surg. 2002;28:686-88. View abstract.

Baillargeon L, Drouin J, Desjardins L, et al. [The effects of Arnica montana on blood coagulation. Radomized controlled trial]. Can Fam Physician 1993;39:2362-7. View abstract.

Barnes, J., Resch, K. L., and Ernst, E. Homeopathy for postoperative ileus? A meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 1997;25(4):628-633. View abstract.

Barrett S. Homeopathy: The ultimate fake. Quackwatch.org, 2001. Available at: http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/homeo.html. (Accessed 29 May 2006).

Bohmer D and Ambrus P. Sports injuries and natural therapy: a clinical double-blind study with a homeopathic ointment. BT 1992;10:290-300.

Brinkhaus B, Wilkens JM, Ludtke R, et al. Homeopathic arnica therapy in patients receiving knee surgery: results of three randomised double-blind trials. Complement Ther Med 2006;14:237-46. View abstract.

Canders CP, Stanford SR, Chiem AT. A dangerous cup of tea. Wilderness Environ Med. 2014 Mar;25(1):111-2. View abstract.

Chaiet SR, Marcus BC. Perioperative Arnica montana for Reduction of Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty Surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 2015 May 7. [Epub ahead of print] View abstract.

Ciganda C, and Laborde A. Herbal infusions used for induced abortion. J Toxicol.Clin Toxicol. 2003;41:235-239. View abstract.

Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. View abstract.

da Silva AG, de Sousa CP, Koehler J, et al. Evaluation of an extract of Brazilian arnica (Solidago chilensis Meyen, Asteraceae) in treating lumbago. Phytother Res 2010;24:283-87. View abstract.

Delmonte S, Brusati C, Parodi A, et al. Leukemia-related Sweet's syndrome elicited by pathergy to Arnica. Dermatology 1998;197:195-96. View abstract.

Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182

Gray S and West LM. Herbal medicines--a cautionary tale. N Z Dent J 2012;108:68-72. View abstract.

Hart O, Mullee MA, Lewith G, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of hom*oeopathic arnica C30 for pain and infection after total abdominal hysterectomy. J R Soc Med 1997;90:73-8. View abstract.

Hausen BM, Herrmann HD, and Willuhn G. The sensitizing capacity of Compositae plants. I. Occupational contact dermatitis from Arnica longifolia Eaton. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4:3-10. View abstract.

Hausen BM. Identification of the allergens of Arnica montana L. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4:308. View abstract.

Hausen BM. The sensitizing capacity of Compositae plants. III. Test results and cross-reactions in Compositae-sensitive patients. Dermatologica 1979;159:1-11. View abstract.

Hofmeyr GJ, Piccioni V, and Blauhof P. Postpartum homeopathic Arnica montana: a potency-finding pilot study. Br.J.Clin.Pract. 1990;44:619-621. View abstract.

Jalili J, Askeroglu U, Alleyne B, and Guyuron B. Herbal products that may contribute to hypertension. Plast.Reconstr.Surg 2013;131:168-173. View abstract.

Jawara N, Lewith GT, Vickers AJ, and et al. hom*oeopathic Arnica and Rhus toxicodendron for delayed onset muscle soreness: a pilot for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. British hom*oeopathic Journal 1997;86:10-15.

Jeffrey SL and Belcher HJ. Use of Arnica to relieve pain after carpal-tunnel release surgery. Altern.Ther Health Med 2002;8:66-8. View abstract.

Karow JH, Abt HP, Frohling M, and Ackermann H. Efficacy of Arnica montana D4 for healing of wounds after Hallux valgus surgery compared to diclofenac. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:17-25. View abstract.

Kaziro GS. Metronidazole (Flagyl) and Arnica Montana in the prevention of post-surgical complications, a comparative placebo controlled clinical trial. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984;22:42-9.. View abstract.

Knuesel O, Weber M, and Suter A. Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open, multicenter clinical trial. Adv.Ther. 2002;19:209-18. View abstract.

Kotlus BS, Heringer DM, and Dryden RM. Evaluation of homeopathic Arnica montana for ecchymosis after upper blepharoplasty: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study. Ophthal.Plast.Reconstr.Surg 2010;26:686-88. View abstract.

Leu S, Havey J, White LE, et al. Accelerated resolution of laser-induced bruising with topical 20% arnica: a rater-blinded randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2010;163:557-63. View abstract.

Lokken, P., Straumsheim, P. A., Tveiten, D., Skjelbred, P., and Borchgrevink, C. F. Effect of hom*oeopathy on pain and other events after acute trauma: placebo controlled trial with bilateral oral surgery. BMJ 1995;310(6992):1439-1442. View abstract.

Ludtke R, and Hacke D. [On the effectiveness of the homeopathic remedy Arnica montana]. Wien.Med Wochenschr. 2005;155:482-490. View abstract.

Lyss G, Schmidt TJ, Merfort I, Pahl HL, et al. Helenalin, an antiinflammatory sesquiterpene lactone from Arnica, selectively inhibits transcription factor NF-kappa B. Biol Chem 1997;378:951-61. View abstract.

Machet L, Vaillant L, Callens A, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) with cross-sensitivity to arnica. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28:184-85. View abstract.

Moghadam BK, Gier R, and Thurlow T. Extensive oral mucosal ulcerations caused by misuse of a commercial mouthwash. Cutis 1999;64:131-134. View abstract.

No authors listed. Final report on the safety assessment of Arnica montana extract and Arnica montana. Int.J.Toxicol. 2001;20:1-11. View abstract.

Oberbaum, M., Galoyan, N., Lerner-Geva, L., Singer, S. R., Grisaru, S., Shashar, D., and Samueloff, A. The effect of the homeopathic remedies Arnica montana and Bellis perennis on mild postpartum bleeding--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study--preliminary results. Complement Ther Med 2005;13(2):87-90. View abstract.

Paris, A., Gonnet, N., Chaussard, C., Belon, P., Rocourt, F., Saragaglia, D., and Cracowski, J. L. Effect of homeopathy on analgesic intake following knee ligament reconstruction: a phase III monocentre randomized placebo controlled study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65(2):180-187. View abstract.

Passreiter CM, Florack M, Willuhn G. . [Allergic contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae. Identification of an 8,9-epoxythymol-diester as the contact allergen of Arnica sachalinensis]. Derm.Beruf.Umwelt. 1988;36:79-82. View abstract.

Pinsent RJ, Baker GP, Ives G, et al. Does arnica reduce pain and bleeding after dental extraction? A placebo controlled pilot study conducted by the Midland hom*oeopathy Research Group MHRG in 1980/81. Communications of the British hom*oeopathic Research Group 1986;15:3-11.

Pirker C, Moslinger T, Koller DY, et al. Cross-reactivity with Tagetes in Arnica contact eczema. Contact Dermatitis 1992;26:217-219. View abstract.

Pumpa KL, Fallon KE, Bensoussan A, Papalia S. The effects of topical Arnica on performance, pain and muscle damage after intense eccentric exercise. Eur J Sport Sci. 2014;14(3):294-300. View abstract.

Ramelet AA, Buchheim G, Lorenz P, et al. Homeopathic Arnica in postoperative haematomas: a double-blind study. Dermatology 2000;201:347-348. View abstract.

Raschka, C and Trostel Y. [Effect of a homeopathic arnica preparation (D4) on delayed onset muscle soreness. Placebo-controlled crossover study]. MMW Fortschr Med 7-20-2006;148:35. View abstract.

Robertson A, Suryanarayanan R, and Banerjee A. Homeopathic Arnica montana for post-tonsillectomy analgesia: a randomised placebo control trial. Homeopathy. 2007;96:17-21. View abstract.

Rudzki E, and Grzywa Z. Dermatitis from Arnica montana. Contact Dermatitis 1977;3:281-82. View abstract.

Savage RH and Roe PF. A double blind trial to assess the benefit of Arnica montana in acute stroke illness. Br Hom J 1977;66:207-20.

Schmidt C. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: Arnica montana applied topically to subcutaneous mechanical injuries. J of the American Institute of Homeopathy 1996;89:186-193.

Schroder H, Losche W, Strobach H, et al. Helenalin and 11 alpha, 13-dihydrohelenalin, two constituents from Arnica montana L., inhibit human platelet function via thiol-dependent pathways. Thromb Res 1990;57:839-45. View abstract.

Schwarzkopf S, Bigliardi PL, and Panizzon RG. [Allergic contact dermatitis from Arnica]. Rev Med Suisse 12-13-2006;2:2884-885. View abstract.

Seeley BM, Denton AB, Ahn MS, et al. Effect of homeopathic Arnica montana on bruising in face-lifts: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arch Facial.Plast.Surg 2006;8:54-59. View abstract.

Spettoli E, Silvani S, Lucente P. Contact dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactones. Am J Contact Dermat. 1998;9:49-50. View abstract.

Stevinson C, Devaraj VS, Fountain-Barber A, et al. Homeopathic arnica for prevention of pain and bruising: randomized placebo-controlled trial in hand surgery. J R Soc Med 2003;96:60-65. View abstract.

Totonchi A, and Guyuron B. A randomized, controlled comparison between arnica and steroids in the management of postrhinoplasty ecchymosis and edema. Plast.Reconstr.Surg 2007;120:271-74. View abstract.

Tuten C and McClung J. Reducing muscle soreness with Arnica montana: Is it effective? Alternative and Complementary Therapies 1999;5:369-72.

Tveiten D, Bruset S, Borchgrevink CF, et al. Effects of the hom*oeopathic remedy Arnica D 30 on marathon runners: a randomized, double-blind study during the 1995 Oslo marathon. Comp Ther Med 1998;6:71-74.

Venkatramani DV, Goel S, Ratra V, et al. Toxic optic neuropathy following ingestion of homeopathic medication Arnica-30. Cutan.Ocul.Toxicol. 2013;32:95-97. View abstract.

Vickers AJ, Fisher P, Smith C, and et al. hom*oeopathy for delayed onset muscle soreness: a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. Br J sports Med 1997;31:304-307.

Vickers AJ, Fisher P, Smith C, et al. Homeopathic Arnica 30x is ineffective for muscle soreness after long-distance running: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin J Pain 1998;14:227-31. View abstract.

Widrig R, Suter A, Saller R, et al. Choosing between NSAID and arnica for topical treatment of hand osteoarthritis in a randomised, double-blind study. Rheumatol.Int 2007;27:585-591. View abstract.

Wolf M, Tamaschke C, Mayer W, and Heger M. [Efficacy of Arnica in varicose vein surgery: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study]. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd 2003;10:242-47. View abstract.

Zicari D, Agneni F, Ricciotti F, and et al. Angioprotective action of Arnica 5 CH: preliminary data. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Science 1995;36:S479.

Zicari D, Cumps P, Del Beato P, and et al. Arnica 5 CH activity on retinal function. Invest Opthalmol Visual Science 1997;38:767.

Arnica: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose & Precautions (2024)
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